Republic of Paraguay
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Republic of Paraguay
Overview
Located in the heart of South America, the Republic of Paraguay spans 407,000 square kilometers and has a population of about 6.8 million people. It is one of the least populated countries on the continent.
Historical Background
In the late 16th century, Spanish settlers, alongside members of the Catholic Jesuit Order, arrived in the area now known as Paraguay. The Jesuits maintained control for 150 years. In 1811, Paraguay declared its independence and soon after, José Gaspar Rodríguez de Francia, a key figure in the independence movement, took power as a dictator, ruling for 26 years.
In 1865, Paraguay faced conflict when Argentina, Brazil, and Uruguay declared war. This devastating war led to significant loss of life and impacted the country severely.
20th Century and Beyond
Throughout the 20th century, Paraguay experienced political turbulence with power struggles between governing factions and dictatorships. Reactionary governments often favored American corporate interests, leading to public dissent that was harshly suppressed.
In 1954, General Alfredo Stroessner rose to power, maintaining authoritarian rule until 1989 when General Andrés Rodríguez initiated reforms to lift Paraguay from its political isolation. The country adopted a new constitution in 1992 and held its first democratic elections in 1993.
Government Structure
Paraguay is a constitutional republic. The president, elected for a five-year term, serves as the head of state.
This concise history offers a glimpse into Paraguay's rich and complex past, highlighting its journey from colonization to independence and democracy.
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