Chalk And Noah s Flood
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Chalk and Noah’s Flood
Title: Chalk and Noah’s Flood
Summary:
In the article “Can Flood Geology Explain Thick Chalk Layers?” young earth creation science advocate Andrew Snelling asserts that massive layers of chalk could have formed in a short period during Noah's Flood. This assertion is critical for supporting the young earth theory and the literal interpretation of the creation days as 24-hour periods.
Understanding Chalk
To delve into the formation of chalk, it's essential to consult Dr. Snelling's explanation of what chalk is. After reviewing it, return to this article for further insights.
Examining the Argument
Production Challenges:
Dr. Snelling addresses the challenge of how flood geology could account for thick chalk layers. The primary issue lies in the production rate of organisms essential for chalk formation. He notes that pure calcareous ooze on the deep ocean floor accumulates at a rate of 1-10 centimeters per 1,000 years, making it challenging to produce the 1,329 feet of chalk found in the Dover cliffs within the 371-day timeframe of Noah's Flood.
Proposing a Young Earth Model:
Snelling references research by Dr. Ariel Roth and John Woodmorappe to propose an accelerated production model. Roth calculates that the upper 200 meters of the ocean could yield 20 grams of calcium carbonate per square centimeter annually. This translates to creating 1,329 feet of chalk in 4,050 years, still far from the desired 371 days.
Role of Organisms:
Snelling shifts focus to coccolithophores, whose rapid multiplication rate suggests 1,329 feet of chalk could form in 750 years. This narrows down the time required from millions of years to just several centuries, but still not to the needed 371 days.
Tactics Employed:
This gradual reduction in timeframes is a strategic approach, designed to draw in readers incrementally. While this may sway those unfamiliar with the topic, a closer analysis reveals the limitations of this argument.
The Bloom Theory
Snelling's theory further posits that coccolith accumulation is episodic and influenced by factors present during a catastrophic flood, like turbulence and nutrients from decaying matter. He suggests that increased ocean productivity during such an event could potentially reduce the time to 75 years. Yet, this still falls short of the 371-day requirement.
Arguments Against the Flood Model
Natural Processes:
When organisms die, their shells slowly descend and accumulate on the ocean floor. A large foraminifer shell might take up to 10 days to sink. If the water were teeming with fast-moving currents as proposed, the organisms would struggle to survive, let alone reproduce at necessary rates.
Currents and Environmental Conditions:
Theoretical flood currents moving at 89 to 179 miles per hour would scatter these organisms, preventing any significant localized bloom necessary for chalk formation like that seen in England’s Dover cliffs. Such dispersion would preclude any chalk beds from forming.
Dissolution:
Under high-velocity water conditions, many shells would dissolve before settling. According to Stokes' Law, shells would sink only when water velocity is as low as 1.5 centimeters per second. Given the proposed flood speeds, it’s unlikely any chalk would form, as particles would remain suspended and ultimately dissolve.
Preserving Geological Features:
Disregarding the current study of Baumgardner and Barnette is not feasible, as their model is critical for explaining the erosional forces needed to form other sedimentary layers.
Conclusion
Considering the constraints of the Flood model, the existence of chalk beds worldwide cannot be explained by it. The evidence supports the view that they formed over millions of years, as conventional geology suggests, contradicting the notion that Noah’s Flood could have produced them.
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