Hemp and Marijuana - ELIMINATING THE CONFUSION
Below is a MRR and PLR article in category Society -> subcategory Politics.
Hemp and Marijuana: Clearing Up the Confusion
Introduction
Hemp and marijuana are two distinct varieties of the Cannabis sativa plant. Hemp is primarily a fiber crop, while marijuana is typically used for its psychoactive properties. However, over the past 60 years, these terms have often been confused. Understanding their history can help clarify the difference.
A Historical Overview
Early Uses (1600-1930s)
The term "hemp" has been part of the English language for over 800 years, whereas "marijuana" is only about a century old. Until the 1930s, hemp referred to Cannabis sativa fiber crops used for making canvas, rope, fuel oil, and paper, and it was characterized by low THC levels, making it non-psychoactive.
The Marijuana Tax Act (1930s-1940s)
In the 1930s, high-THC cannabis from Mexico gained popularity, especially in the southern U.S., and was termed "marijuana." The Marijuana Tax Act of 1937 blurred the lines between hemp and marijuana, treating them as identical despite their differences.
Decline and Resurgence (1950s-1990s)
By 1957, hemp fiber crops in the U.S. had disappeared, and the term "hemp" fell out of common use. During the 1960s, the counter-culture movement popularized marijuana but did not equate it with hemp. The book "The Emperor Wears No Clothes" by Jack Herer in 1985 revived interest in hemp, advocating its environmental benefits. However, misconceptions persisted that marijuana legalization was necessary for industrial hemp use.
European and Canadian Developments (1989-1994)
In Europe, countries like France and Spain continued hemp production. In 1989, the European Economic Community established regulations for hemp production. By 1993, England and Canada recognized the distinction between hemp and marijuana, encouraging their farmers to grow hemp.
Renewed Interest in the U.S. (1994-1995)
In 1994, the Governor of Kentucky formed a task force to explore hemp's commercial potential. A movement began in the U.S. to differentiate industrial hemp from marijuana. Advocates promoted using "industrial hemp" to describe non-psychoactive cannabis varieties.
Legislative Efforts
Early Legislation Attempts (1995-1996)
In January 1995, Colorado Senator Lloyd Casey introduced the Hemp Production Act to legally define industrial hemp, but it was blocked by the federal Drug Enforcement Administration. By October 1995, the North American Industrial Hemp Council was formed to separately address industrial hemp issues.
In January 1996, both Colorado and Vermont introduced industrial hemp legislation. A strong coalition, including numerous agricultural organizations, backed these efforts. Most groups emphasized their opposition to marijuana legalization while advocating for industrial hemp.
Current Progress
Today, significant progress has been made. Since 1995, 25 of 53 hemp-related state bills have passed, and 14 states have enacted hemp legislation. In 2002, seven states introduced hemp bills, with several successfully passing.
Conclusion
The distinction between hemp and marijuana is now clearer than ever, and awareness continues to grow. By promoting a better understanding of industrial hemp's benefits, we can ensure its safe and legal production, independent of the marijuana debate.
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