Classical Definition of Ghazal
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Classical Definition of Ghazal
Title:
Classical Definition of GhazalSummary:
The ghazal, a poetic form originating from Arabic, refers to a manner of speaking to or about women, essentially embodying love's expression. Over time, ghazals have evolved to reflect various aspects of life, touching nearly every sphere of human interaction.Keywords:
Shayari, shaairy, poetry, poem, Urdu shayari, lovely shayari, ghazal, urdu, pakistan, hindi, indian, india, asianArticle Body:
The term "ghazal," derived from Arabic, signifies a manner of speaking to or about women, essentially symbolizing an expression of love. In today’s evolving world, the ghazal has grown to mirror life's complexities, encompassing a wide range of human interactions.To grasp the intricacies of Urdu ghazal, one must understand its foundational structure: it is a collection of couplets, or Shers, adhering to specific rules?"Matla, Maqta, Beher, Kaafiyaa, and Radif.
Understanding the Components of a Ghazal
1. Sher:
A Sher is a two-line poem. Despite its simplicity, each Sher stands independently, conveying a complete thought. For example:
- "Koi ummid bar nahin aati,
Koi surat nazar nahin aati."
Each stanza operates independently but remains part of the cohesive whole of a ghazal. Note that a collection of any two-line poems doesn’t automatically form a ghazal unless it follows additional conventions.
2. Beher:
Beher refers to the meter of the Shers. Both lines in a Sher must have the same Beher, and all Shers in a single ghazal must share this Beher. There are 19 types of Beher, generally categorized into short, medium, and long lengths. For example:
- Short:
"Ahale dairo-haram reh gaye,
Tere deewane kam reh gaye."
3. Radif:
In a ghazal, the second line of all Shers must end with the same word or phrase?"this is known as the Radif. In our example, "nahin aati" is the Radif.
4. Kaafiyaa:
Kaafiyaa is the mandatory rhyming pattern preceding the Radif. Words that match this pattern create a rhythmic flow, adding to the poetic quality. In our example, the Kaafiyaa includes words like "bar," "nazar," "par," "magar."
5. Matla:
The first Sher of a ghazal is the Matla, where the Radif appears in both lines. This Sher sets the tone, and a ghazal can have more than one Matla, with the second known as Matla-e-saani or Husn-e-matla.
6. Maqta:
A Maqta is the final Sher of a ghazal, featuring the poet’s pen name, or takhallus. It often provides personal insight or clever wordplay. Famous examples include:
- "Koi nam-o-nishan puchhe to ai kaasid bataa denaa,
Takhallus Daag hai, aur aahiqon ke dil me rehte hai."
Conclusion
In summary, a ghazal is a collection of Shers, each an independent two-line poem, adhering to the same Beher, Kaafiyaa, and Radif, featuring at least one Matla and one Maqta.You can find the original non-AI version of this article here: Classical Definition of Ghazal.
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