Impact of extrinsic motivation on intrinsic motivation
Below is a MRR and PLR article in category Self Improvement -> subcategory Motivation.
Impact of Extrinsic Motivation on Intrinsic Motivation
Summary
This article explores intrinsic and extrinsic motivation and how the latter can impact the former. It highlights the risks of overjustification and offers practical recommendations.
Understanding Motivation
Motivation is what drives us to act or behave in certain ways. It can be internal (intrinsic) or external (extrinsic).
Intrinsic motivation occurs when activities are inherently rewarding, such as personal satisfaction or a sense of achievement. Extrinsic motivation involves engaging in tasks for external rewards like praise, money, or recognition.
The Motivation Continuum
Motivation exists on a spectrum, ranging from being externally to internally driven. Initially, we are often motivated by external factors ?" think of children being rewarded with stickers. As we mature, intrinsic motivation tends to play a larger role. While internal motivation is generally more sustainable, external motivation can help start tasks that lack immediate intrinsic appeal.
The Risks of Overjustification
Excessive reliance on external motivation may be harmful. Research has shown that external rewards can undermine intrinsic motivation.
Key Studies
A 1973 study by Lepper, Green, and Nisbett demonstrated this effect. Children naturally interested in drawing were divided into three groups:
1. Reward Promised: Children were promised a "Good Player" certificate for drawing.
2. Surprise Reward: Children received the certificate unexpectedly.
3. No Reward: Children received no reward.
Two weeks later, only the first group showed reduced interest in drawing when no reward was offered, suggesting that the promise of a reward decreased intrinsic motivation.
In 1975, Deci's research further supported this, finding that rewards for intrinsically satisfying activities reduced motivation once the rewards were removed.
Implications and Recommendations
These findings suggest that extrinsic rewards can diminish intrinsic motivation, leading to overjustification. Here are some suggestions for encouraging motivation:
1. Foster Intrinsic Motivation: Create a safe environment where individuals can explore their interests without interference.
2. Encourage Sharing: Provide opportunities for individuals to share their work and the personal satisfaction it brings.
3. Use External Rewards Sparingly: Offer rewards without creating expectations, and use them judiciously.
By understanding the balance between intrinsic and extrinsic motivation, we can better support lasting engagement and interest in activities.
You can find the original non-AI version of this article here: Impact of extrinsic motivation on intrinsic motivation.
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