The History Of Home Schooling
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The Evolution of Home Schooling
Introduction
Home schooling, or home education, is a method where children learn in the family home rather than in traditional institutions like public schools. Historically, education was primarily home-based, with formal schooling being rare and often limited to wealthy families.
Early Origins
Initially, education was informal, conducted at home or within small communities. Few children attended formal schools or received private tutoring. Those educated outside the home were usually from privileged backgrounds. Resources like Warren Burton’s "Helps To Education in the Homes of Our Country" supported parents in educating their children, with local teachers occasionally assisting.
Changes in the 19th Century
The 19th century marked a shift as compulsory school attendance laws were introduced, establishing the government's role in providing education. This institutionalization was seen as a fundamental right.
Controversy and Criticism
Despite its widespread acceptance, formal schooling faced criticism for potentially harming younger children, particularly boys who mature more slowly. In the 1970s, Ray and Dorothy Moore, key figures in the home schooling movement, conducted studies suggesting that early formal schooling could negatively impact children's development.
Comparative Studies
The Moores’ research highlighted that children of illiterate tribal mothers in Africa exhibited more advanced social and emotional development than Western children. They attributed this to the stronger parental bonds maintained in home-based learning environments.
Modern Home Schooling
Today, home schooling remains a viable option in English-speaking countries, offering diverse methods like classical education, Waldorf and Montessori approaches. Parents can also collaborate with teachers through correspondence schools, ensuring children meet educational standards and complete necessary tests.
Reasons for Home Schooling
Many parents choose home schooling because they believe it offers superior education and a more nurturing social environment than traditional schools.
Home schooling continues to evolve, adapting to the needs and preferences of families seeking personalized education.
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