Mental Math Methods From Asia
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Mental Math Techniques from Asia
Introduction
Mental math refers to performing calculations in your head without the aid of external tools like a calculator or even pen and paper. A quick search online for "mental math" brings up countless resources, which can be overwhelming. Understanding these techniques helps simplify everyday calculations.
Everyday Mental Math
We use mental math daily, often without realizing it. Whether you're calculating when to brake while driving or determining time zone differences, these skills are crucial. Even simple tasks, like calculating an 18% tip at a restaurant, rely on mental arithmetic.
Abacus Mental Mathematics
Abacus mental math has a rich history, with its origins debated between Mesopotamia and China. Over the centuries, the abacus has evolved, with the Japanese Soroban being one of the most prevalent forms. It comprises one upper row and four lower rows, with columns ranging from thirteen to twenty-one.
In Asia, researchers assert that using the abacus encourages whole-brain development. By moving the beads with both hands, children facilitate quick communication between the brain's hemispheres, promoting balanced development.
Learning the abacus method before traditional arithmetic can reduce conflicts, allowing children to integrate both systems smoothly. Those learning later may need more time to adapt.
Vedic Mental Mathematics
Vedic mathematics hails from the Atharva Veda, a Hindu scripture. It employs sixteen sutras, or word-formulae, which guide students in naturally solving mathematical problems. These sutras help enhance problem-solving and decision-making abilities, extending to advanced topics like calculus and linear algebra.
The sixteen sutras include techniques such as:
1. By one more than the one before
2. All from 9 and the last from 10
3. Vertically and crosswise
4. Transpose and apply
And many more, each offering a unique approach to solving mathematical challenges.
Conclusion
Both abacus and Vedic mental math techniques have seen a resurgence in Asia. The abacus method thrives in countries like China, Japan, and India, while Vedic math remains particularly popular in India. These ancient techniques continue to offer valuable benefits in enhancing mental acuity and problem-solving skills.
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