What Is The Element Molybdenum Used For
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What Is Molybdenum Used For?
Molybdenum, deriving its name from the Greek word molybdos, meaning "lead-like," plays a crucial role in various industrial applications. Mined directly and as a byproduct of copper mining, its significance rose in the 19th century when Schneider and Co began using it to enhance steel. Today, molybdenum is indispensable across many sectors.
Key Uses of Molybdenum
Steel Alloying
Molybdenum remains essential as an alloying agent in high-strength steel, comprising 0.25% to 8% of its composition. This inclusion enhances the steel's hardenability, boosts its strength at elevated temperatures, and increases its resistance to corrosion. For instance, molybdenum-steel is widely used in structures near oceanic environments and areas exposed to road salts and industrial pollution, such as the Petronas Towers in Kuala Lumpur.
Industrial Applications
In nuclear energy, molybdenum's properties make it vital for various components, including aircraft and missile parts. As a catalyst, it holds immense value in petroleum refining. Additionally, molybdenum serves as a filament material in electrical applications and for electrodes in electrically heated glass furnaces. Its capability as a lubricant allows it to perform under high temperatures better than oil.
Diverse Industries
Molybdenum's applications are extensive, reaching into the power, chemical processing, water, and wastewater industries. Its importance in construction, building, and architecture is highlighted by its association with steel. Surprisingly, it also finds its way into the food industry.
Cast Iron and Super Alloys
In cast iron, molybdenum enhances hardness and strength by altering the pearlite temperature, eliminating the need for special heat treatments. Furthermore, it is crucial in nickel-based alloys, such as those used in jet engines, where it strengthens and extends service temperature, classifying them as super alloys. Remarkably, these alloys make up over a third of a jet engine's weight.
Characteristics and Conclusion
Molybdenum is a silvery-white, extremely hard metal, yet more ductile and softer than tungsten, boasting one of the highest melting points?"only surpassed by tantalum and tungsten. Its primary role in enhancing the hardenability and tempering of metals like steel makes it a material most of us rarely encounter directly, but its impact is felt in countless everyday applications.
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