Understanding Accounting Vocabulary

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Understanding Accounting Vocabulary


Introduction

This article is part of the free online course "Using Finance & Accounting in Your Small Business". Learning new accounting concepts and terms is similar to learning a new language; it's all about making connections between what you already know and new knowledge.

The Basics of Accounting Vocabulary

When approaching accounting, think of it as a system that counts and tracks everything happening in your business. Let's start with the term accounting?"it's essentially the methodical counting of your business activities.

Understanding Transactions

Transactions are the key activities or actions in your business that contribute to your expenses and income. Consider the word transactions. It indicates business actions that occur across or through your operations. Think of transactions as the raw materials of your accounting system, much like how gasoline fuels an engine. How your accounting system handles these transactions can significantly impact your business.

Recording Transactions

Recording transactions is essential to understand how much your business earns and spends. While this may seem straightforward, transactions can become complex if their nature is unclear. For instance, buying nails for carpentry work is a transaction, as is selling a finished chair to a customer. However, it's important to consider the costs of stain, varnish, and even the gas used for delivery.

By accounting for these details, you gain a complete financial picture?"critical for assessing your business's true profitability.

Identifying and Organizing Transactions

To effectively manage your business finances, recognize and organize every transaction. Consider all interactions?"daily, weekly, and annually. It may seem meticulous, but being diligent and clear about each transaction is key to success.

Transactions may be initiated by customers, suppliers, or internally by your bookkeeper, such as year-end adjustments for machinery depreciation or inventory shrinkage.

Understanding Depreciation

Depreciation refers to the decrease in value of business-owned assets over time. For example, a new car loses value as it accumulates wear and mileage. In business, you can deduct this lost value as an expense, even if it doesn’t involve a cash outflow. This process helps reduce taxable income but also acknowledges the reduced value of your assets.

To gain a true understanding of your business operations, you need to consider real expenses, including both cash transactions and non-cash items like depreciation.

Conclusion

Recognizing transactions and understanding their implications requires practice and reflection. By analyzing daily details, you'll be able to construct a clear picture of your business finances, which is crucial for informed decision-making and overall success.



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