Gardens in Post Norman England
Below is a MRR and PLR article in category Home Family -> subcategory Gardening.
Gardens in Post-Norman England
Overview
After the internal conflicts in Norman England ended, castle grounds became more open without compromising security. By the late 13th and early 14th centuries, the relationship between France and England was particularly close.
Gardens of the Era
In this period, the upper classes in both countries spoke French, sharing similar customs, especially in their gardens and fountains. While English gardens were catching up, France was a bit ahead, particularly with water features. With more peace and leisure, focus shifted to enhancing castles into comfortable residences.
Influences from France
A French garden from the 12th century closely resembled an English garden of the following centuries, featuring fountains, fragrant plants, and statues. Pleasure gardens evolved from simple herb collections to more elaborate displays, especially in France, where these gardens became larger and more diverse.
Garden Design Elements
Typically located outside the castle's main entrance, these gardens were accessed through a secret door in the fortress. Low garden walls, often incorporating water features, created grass-covered seating ideal for intimate conversations. In one corner, a Gothic fountain might be used to water plants. Sometimes, a round flowerbed was placed amidst the fountains, surrounded by trellises and decorative tunnels.
Plants and Structures
Flowers planted in wall-mounted planters added color, while meticulously clipped trees provided shade. Inspired by ancient Roman "topiarius," gardeners shaped shrubs into geometric forms. If space allowed, there was a small pond for fish and swans. Luxuries included an aviary for game birds and peacocks roaming the grounds, offering a spectacle for guests.
This era marked a significant transition in garden design, blending security with beauty and comfort, a testament to the close ties and influence between France and England.
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