The Nutritional Benefits of Folic Acid
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The Nutritional Benefits of Folic Acid
Summary:
A swollen tongue, loss of appetite, shortness of breath, irritability, forgetfulness, and mental sluggishness may indicate a folate deficiency.
Understanding Folic Acid
The debate on dietary supplements continues. Some doctors believe our diet provides all necessary nutrients, while others recommend supplements during periods of stress, such as pregnancy, illness, or aging.
Research indicates that taking B vitamins, particularly folic acid and B12, can reduce birth defects by 72 to 100%. Since folic acid fortification in grains was implemented, birth defects in the U.S. have dropped by 19%, although some attribute this to other factors.
Identifying Folate Deficiency
Symptoms of folate deficiency include a swollen tongue, appetite loss, shortness of breath, irritability, forgetfulness, and mental sluggishness. Folic acid is a B vitamin, typically scarce in most foods except liver, which is less commonly consumed today.
Certain conditions like celiac disease, alcoholism, and irritable bowel syndrome can lead to folate deficiency. In older adults, a lack of folate (vitamin B9) may contribute to depression.
Folate works best in conjunction with vitamins B6 and B12, helping alleviate depression symptoms by reducing homocysteine, a compound linked to mood disorders.
Folic Acid and Health Benefits
Studies suggest that individuals with high folic acid levels, along with beta-carotene, vitamin C, and fiber, show lower cancer rates. A study of 50,000 women found that adequate folate intake significantly reduced breast cancer risk.
However, some medications for inflammatory bowel disease can hinder folate absorption. This deficiency might also be linked to male infertility and heart disease. Foods rich in folic acid include dark leafy greens, brewer’s yeast, beef liver, various seafood, orange juice, and milk. Root vegetables and whole grains provide smaller amounts.
Considerations for Supplements
While side effects from folic acid supplements are rare, doses exceeding 15,000 mcg daily can cause issues. Taking any B vitamin in isolation may cause imbalances, so consult your doctor before beginning supplementation. Some medications, like antibiotics and warfarin, can negatively interact with folic acid, while others like ibuprofen and aspirin might lead to deficiency.
Methotrexate, used for some cancers and rheumatoid arthritis, increases the need for folic acid. Supplementing with folic acid can reduce side effects without diminishing the drug’s effectiveness. Always consult your physician if you need to add folic acid to your regimen.
By understanding the benefits and potential interactions of folic acid, you can make informed decisions about your health and nutrition.
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