Enzymes - Classification And Function
Below is a MRR and PLR article in category Health Fitness -> subcategory Other.
Enzymes: Classification and Function
Overview:
Enzymes are complex proteins that serve as catalysts, accelerating biochemical reactions in the body without being consumed in the process. Their efficiency depends on the availability of essential vitamins and minerals. Many enzymes require trace minerals like copper, iron, or zinc to function effectively. Discovered by biochemists in the 1930s, the number of identified enzymes has grown from 80 to over 5,000.
Classification of Enzymes:
Enzymes are broadly categorized into three main types:
1. Metabolic Enzymes:
- Facilitate essential bodily functions like breathing, movement, thinking, and immune system maintenance.
- Some neutralize toxins and carcinogens, transforming them into less harmful substances for elimination.
2. Digestive Enzymes:
- Primarily produced by the pancreas, with 22 types identified.
- Secreted by glands in the duodenum, they help break down food as it leaves the stomach.
3. Food Enzymes:
- Present in raw foods, they start the digestive process in the mouth and upper stomach.
- Include proteases for proteins, lipases for fats, and amylases for carbohydrates.
Importance of Raw Food:
Raw foods are crucial because they contain enzymes that initiate digestion, reducing the body's need to produce digestive enzymes. These enzymes are deactivated at wet-heat temperatures of 118°F and dry-heat temperatures of 150°F. Consuming cooked, enzyme-poor foods can deplete the body's enzyme reserves, potentially leading to shortened lifespan, illness, and reduced stress resistance.
Enzyme Specificity and Uses:
Enzymes are highly specific, each reacting with only certain molecules. The naming of enzymes often reflects their function, such as lactase, which reacts with lactose. Beyond their biological roles, enzymes have commercial applications in industries like baking, brewing, dairy, and even in manufacturing products like detergents and photographic films.
In summary, enzymes are vital for both bodily functions and various industrial processes, highlighting their diverse roles and essential nature in life and technology.
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