A Brief Ovierview Of Lasik Eye Surgery
Below is a MRR and PLR article in category Health Fitness -> subcategory Medicine.
A Comprehensive Overview of LASIK Eye Surgery
Introduction
LASIK, which stands for Laser-Assisted In Situ Keratomileusis, is a popular refractive laser eye surgery designed to correct vision. Often chosen over photorefractive keratectomy (PRK), LASIK offers quicker recovery times and reduced discomfort for patients.
History
The foundation for LASIK was laid by Dr. Jose Barraquer from Colombia in the 1960s. He developed the first microkeratome, a tool for cutting thin flaps in the cornea, crucial for reshaping it in keratomileusis procedures. By 1990, Dr. Lucio Buratto (Italy) and Dr. Ioannis Pallikaris (Greece) merged keratomileusis with PRK to create LASIK. Thanks to its precision and lower complication rates, it quickly gained popularity.
Milestones
In 1991, Drs. Stephen Brint and Stephen Slade performed the first LASIK surgery in the United States. That same year, Drs. Thomas and Tobias Neuhann introduced it in Germany using an automated microkeratome.
Pre-Surgery Preparation
Patients usually stop wearing soft contact lenses 7?"10 days before surgery. Those using hard lenses are advised to cease usage for at least six weeks, plus additional time depending on the duration of lens wear. Before the operation, a computer-controlled scanner examines the corneas to create a detailed topographic map, detecting astigmatism and other irregularities. This information guides the amount and location of corneal tissue removal. An antibiotic is typically prescribed to minimize post-surgical infection risks.
The Procedure
LASIK is performed while the patient is awake, although they may receive a mild sedative and anesthetic eye drops. The procedure involves two main steps:
1. Corneal Flap Creation: A mechanical microkeratome or femtosecond laser creates a thin flap in the cornea, leaving a hinge at one end. The flap is then folded back, revealing the stroma, the cornea's middle section. This step may cause some discomfort.
2. Corneal Reshaping: An excimer laser precisely remodels the stroma by vaporizing tissue without heat or cutting. During this phase, the patient's vision becomes very blurry, with only white light visible around the laser’s orange light, which can be disorienting.
Modern excimer lasers track eye movements up to 4,000 times per second, ensuring precise laser pulse placement. After reshaping, the corneal flap is repositioned and adheres naturally as the eye heals.
Benefits
By operating on the deeper corneal stroma, LASIK often results in faster visual recovery and less pain compared to alternative methods.
Conclusion
LASIK eye surgery offers a reliable solution for vision correction, with innovations in technology enhancing its safety and effectiveness. With careful preparation and a precise execution, patients can expect swift recovery and improved vision.
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