Polio Vaccines
Below is a MRR and PLR article in category Health Fitness -> subcategory Disease Illness.
Polio Vaccines
Introduction
Globally, two polio vaccines are crucial in the fight against polio. The first was developed by Jonas Salk, who began his work in 1955. This vaccine involves two steps: initially, an injection with a killed polio virus, followed by an oral vaccine with a weakened live virus. First tested on humans in 1957, it was licensed by 1962.
Salk’s Vaccine
Salk’s vaccine, a pioneering development, consists of an injected dose of the inactivated virus. It effectively immunizes individuals; however, it doesn't prevent the potential spread of the virus to others.
Sabin’s Vaccine
The subsequent vaccine, developed by Albert Sabin, gained greater popularity for several reasons:
1. Community Immunity: The live-virus vaccine can indirectly spread to others, helping them build immunity. While this might sound concerning, it aids in broader community protection.
2. Gut Immunity: Administered orally, Sabin's vaccine works directly in the gut. This is crucial as it enhances immunity within the central system, thereby reducing external spread. Unlike injected vaccines, it controls virus transmission effectively.
3. Cost-Effectiveness: Sabin's vaccine is more economical compared to Salk’s, making it accessible for widespread use.
4. Ease of Administration: The oral vaccine is easier to administer than injections, increasing the likelihood of completing the full vaccination series for comprehensive immunity.
Conclusion
Today, Sabin's vaccine remains the standard for polio prevention. While Salk's vaccine was instrumental in controlling polio, Sabin's live-virus vaccine played a vital role in eradicating the wild spread of polio in the United States. Both vaccines have been pivotal in curtailing this once-devastating disease.
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