Avian Bird Flu Poses Serious Threats To Humans
Below is a MRR and PLR article in category Health Fitness -> subcategory Disease Illness.
Avian Influenza: A Growing Threat to Human Health
Summary
Recent outbreaks of avian influenza, particularly in Asia, have raised alarms globally due to their potential threat to human health.Overview
Avian influenza, commonly known as bird flu, has recently made headlines for infecting humans, heightening fears of a possible global pandemic. Historically affecting only birds and occasionally pigs, avian influenza has now started impacting humans, reminiscent of past pandemics originating from animal diseases.Avian Flu Virus: Constantly Evolving
This infectious viral disease primarily targets birds, especially migratory species, ducks, and chickens. Caused by several subtypes of the Type A flu virus, avian influenza shares similarities with human flu but differs in its surface proteins.There are 16 known HA (hemagglutinin) and nine NA (neuraminidase) subtypes, which can combine to create new variations, complicating vaccine development. The virus's constant evolution requires ongoing adaptation in medical responses to combat emerging strains effectively.
The H5N1 Subtype: A Deadly Concern
Among the few subtypes that have bridged the species gap from birds to humans, H5N1 is the most concerning. It has already resulted in over 50 human fatalities and poses severe health risks. Symptoms often mirror typical flu signs, such as fever, cough, sore throat, and muscle pain, but can escalate to eye infections, pneumonia, and severe respiratory conditions, including acute respiratory distress.Potential for Human-to-Human Transmission
The ease with which avian influenza mutates raises concerns about its potential to transmit between humans. According to the World Health Organization, there are three pathways for such a transition:1. Mutation within a person already infected: The virus changes to adapt to human hosts.
2. Combination with human flu: When a person simultaneously contracts bird and human flu, the viruses may merge, allowing bird flu to acquire human-infecting traits.
3. Transmission through pigs: Since pigs can host both human and avian flu, they may act as mixing vessels for new, human-compatible flu strains.
These possibilities underscore the urgent need for vigilance and preparedness to prevent a widespread outbreak.
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