Types of AMD
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Types of Age-Related Macular Degeneration (AMD)
Overview
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) primarily has two forms: wet AMD and dry AMD. Both can affect one or both eyes, and a person diagnosed with dry AMD may eventually develop wet AMD.
Wet AMD
Wet AMD is characterized by the abnormal growth of blood vessels behind the retina. This occurs when the membrane beneath the retina breaks, disrupting oxygen supply to the macula. Fragile new blood vessels grow under the macula and can leak fluids and blood, causing scarring and displacement of the macula. This leads to a sudden loss of central vision.
Initial symptoms include distorted vision and straight lines appearing wavy. Though only 10% of AMD cases are wet AMD, it is the most severe form and can lead to blindness. Early detection is crucial, and laser treatment can help stop the leakage.
Dry AMD
Dry AMD occurs when the light-sensitive cells in the macula break down, leading to blurred central vision. This form is more common and is also known as atrophic AMD.
Symptoms include slightly blurred vision, difficulty recognizing faces, and needing brighter light for tasks like reading. An early sign is the presence of yellow deposits, or drusen, under the retina, detectable only by an eye doctor. As drusen increase in size and number, they worsen the condition, causing thinning of the macula.
In the early stages, dry AMD may go unnoticed and is typically detected during a comprehensive eye exam. As it progresses, individuals may find they need more light for everyday activities, and some experience a blurred spot in the center of their vision.
In advanced stages, significant vision loss occurs, with only peripheral vision remaining clear. Color perception declines, and recognizing faces becomes challenging. Often, dry AMD affects one eye initially, allowing the other eye to compensate, which delays detection.
Taking Action
Active eye care is essential. Consult an ophthalmologist to clarify any concerns. Numerous resources on eye diseases are available online. Discussing your condition with friends and family can provide additional support and advice.
Keywords: AMD, Vision Care, Eye Care, Eye Problems, Eye Conditions, Eyeglasses, Contact Lenses.
You can find the original non-AI version of this article here: Types of AMD.
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