Making Use Of Tapestries In Ancient Times
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The Role of Tapestries in Ancient Times
Overview
Throughout history, tapestries have been a significant form of art and decoration, woven on large looms using diverse threads such as gold, silk, and silver. These intricate pieces often depicted scenes from peasant life, Biblical tales, mythology, and more. Unlike smaller, hand-stitched embroidery, tapestries were grand in scale and hung as wall decorations.
The Craft of Tapestry
Tapestries were traditionally woven on large looms, with panels sometimes reaching dimensions of ten to twelve feet in height and up to twenty feet in length. Wool was the primary material, but silk, gold, and silver threads were also used to enhance the tapestries' richness and detail.
Centers of Tapestry Weaving
From the 1500s, Brussels emerged as a leading center for tapestry production, although the quality varied over time. Common themes included Biblical narratives, Roman history, and peasant scenes. Many seventeenth and eighteenth-century tapestries from Brussels have faded to murky tones due to the degradation of red dyes. Identifiable by a shield mark with the letter 'B', these tapestries often included the weaver's name or initials.
Notable French Contributions
In France, two major tapestry factories were established in the seventeenth century: Gobelins and Beauvais. Gobelins, supported by the state, and Beauvais, a Royal factory, produced exceptional work. Beauvais was known for panels based on La Fontaine’s Fables and upholstery sets, while Gobelins created stunning furniture covers and wall hangings. An example of such harmonious décor can be seen in a room designed by Robert Adam, located at Osterley Park near London. Some of these decorative sets remain intact, like those stored in the Museum of Art in Philadelphia.
Other Noteworthy Sites
Aubusson in France also produced tapestry panels, chair covers, and carpets, primarily during the nineteenth century, maintaining an earlier style. In Antwerp, Philip and Michael Wauters created tapestries for foreign markets, often replicating popular works from other regions. These Flemish tapestries were sometimes mistaken for English productions due to their craftsmanship.
Overall, tapestries were not only magnificent works of art but also reflected the cultural and historical narratives of their time, leaving a lasting legacy in the world of home and wall decor.
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