Basics Of Private Mortgage Insurance

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Understanding Private Mortgage Insurance (PMI)


Introduction

For many potential home buyers, the required 20% down payment on conventional loans presents a significant challenge. To make homeownership more accessible, lenders introduced private mortgage insurance (PMI) to allow for smaller down payments while protecting themselves from risk.

What is PMI?

PMI is a type of insurance that borrowers must purchase if they have less than 20% of the home’s purchase price for a down payment. This insurance protects the lender in case the borrower defaults, typically covering the top 20% of the loan.

Key Considerations

The cost of PMI varies depending on the type of loan, loan-to-value ratio, and insurer. Importantly, it’s the lender who selects the PMI company and program, making it crucial for borrowers to ask the right questions:

- How many PMI programs are being considered?
- How do the proposed policies compare in terms of:
- Rates
- Insured loan-to-value ratio
- Conditions for removing PMI

PMI Evaluation

PMI companies evaluate applications using criteria similar to those of lenders, including credit history, employment stability, and financial reserves. They will also assess:

- The property's condition and location
- Loan features, such as adjustable rates
- Seller contributions
- Local economic stability

Removing PMI

Fortunately, PMI doesn't last for the entire loan duration. For loans after July 29, 1999, the federal government mandates lenders to remove PMI once the borrower achieves 22% equity and is current on payments. Borrowers may also request PMI removal earlier by providing an appraisal and demonstrating timely payments. It’s essential to use appraisers approved by the lender as they reserve the right to reject non-compliant appraisals.

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