Beating Crime with Printers

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Beating Crime with Printers


Summary:
In the 21st century, government surveillance has escalated beyond monitoring public spaces to tracking personal documents through laser printers. Unbeknownst to many, your color laser printer might encode identifying information on every page you print.

The Role of Laser Printers in Surveillance

The Electronic Frontier Foundation (EFF) has uncovered tracking codes hidden in Xerox Corporation's DocuColor laser printers. Originally designed to combat currency counterfeiting, these codes embed details like printer serial numbers and the date and time of printing on each page. Other countries, like the Netherlands, may also use similar technologies for their anti-counterfeiting efforts.

How the Tracking Works

Researchers identified patterns of yellow dots, arranged in grids, that appear on each printed page. These tiny dots are usually invisible but can be spotted under blue light, where they turn black. By analyzing these patterns, it’s possible to trace documents back to the specific printer that produced them, even if the serial number remains undisclosed by the manufacturer.

Inkjet vs. Laser Printers

Unlike inkjet printers, laser printers, copiers, and fax machines use lasers to transfer images onto paper. Priced from $80 to over $1,000, these devices are common in homes and offices. Xerox initiated the dot-encoding technology about 20 years ago to prevent their machines from being used for counterfeiting currency.

Industry-Wide Adoption

Experts suggest that various printer companies now secretly incorporate serial numbers and manufacturing codes into their laser machines. These codes help law enforcement trace counterfeit operations back to their source, a capability that has been valuable to agencies like the U.S. Secret Service.

Privacy Concerns

Despite its utility in fighting crime, this technology poses significant privacy concerns. The ability to trace documents back to individuals or businesses could lead to potential misuse. Notably, printer companies are not required to inform users about this feature, and attempting to disable it can damage the printer.

While there’s no clear data on how many devices carry this tracking feature, it is believed to be widespread among major manufacturers. The cooperation between printer companies and government agencies raises fears about privacy violations, as individuals may unknowingly have their personal actions monitored.

The Bigger Picture

The Secret Service works with printer companies to track counterfeit cases, using the printer's serial number to identify suspects. Companies like Xerox maintain databases that can be accessed by the government as part of criminal investigations.

This collaboration between the printing industry and authorities is marketed as beneficial for crime prevention, yet it compounds worries about surveillance and privacy intrusions. Without stringent legal safeguards, this practice could be open to abuse, leading to unconsented monitoring of otherwise private activities.

You can find the original non-AI version of this article here: Beating Crime with Printers.

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